General properties of Lithium
| Standard atomic weight (Ar) | [6.938, 6.97] conventional 6.94 |
| Appearance | Silvery-white |
| Atomic Number (Z) | 3 |
| Group number | Group 1 |
| Period number | Period 1 |
| Block | s-block element |
| Electron per Shell | 2, 1 |
| Category of the element | Alkali metal |
| Electronic configuration | 1S22s1 |
Physical Properties
| Color | Silver white |
| Melting point | 453.65K |
| Boiling Point | 1603K |
| Molar heat capacity | 24.860/(mol.k) |
| Heat of evaporation | 136kJ.mol |
| Critical point | 3220K |
| Heat of fusion | 3.00kJ/mol |
| Liquid at boiling point | 0.512g/cm3 |
| Phase at standard temperature and pressure | Solid |
| Density close to room temperature | 0.534g/cm3 |
Atomic properties
| Van der wall radius | 182pm |
| Covalent radius | 128±7pm |
| Oxidation state | +1 highly basic oxide |
| Ionization energy | 1st :5.20kj/mol 2nd :7298.1kj/mol, 3rd: 11815.0kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | Pauline scale: 0.98 |
| Atomic radius | Empirical: 152pm |
Others Properties
| Speed of sound | 6000m/s |
| Crystal structure | Body centered cubic |
| Thermal conductivity | 84.8W/m.k |
| Magnetic susceptibility | +14.2 x 10-6cm3/mole (298K) |
| Magnetic ordering | Paramagnetic |
| CAS number | 7439-93-2 |
| Thermal expansion | 46μm/(m.k) at 25°C |
| Young’s modulus | 4.9GPa |
| Shear modulus | 4.2GPa |
| Bulk modulus | 11GPa |
| Mohs hardness | 0.6 |
| Brinell hardness | 5MPa |
| Discover by | Johan August Arfwedson (1817) |
| First isolation | William Thomas Brande (1895) |
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