This patient have a pregnancy complicated by cervical incompetence. Cervical incompetence is defined as the inability to support a pregnancy to term due to functional defect of the cervix 1 and 2. It imply an interesting abnormality of the service that result in premature cervical effacement and dilatation. It is functional, not a structural abnormality.
How is the Diagnosis?
Cervical incompetence is a clinical diagnosis characterized by painless dilatation of the cervix is usually around 18 to 22 weeks of gestation leading to preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes with preterm and often previable delivery. It is not a radiological diagnosis and a sonographic finding of the long clothes service at 18 to 22 weeks gestation does not exclude the diagnosis. Similarly all that a number of attempts have been made to make the diagnosis of cervical incompetence. Pregnancy include the passage of a no. 16 Foley catheter or no. 8 Hagar dilator through the non-pregnancy cervix, or dilatation of >=8mm at the internal os on hysterosalpingography, search structural finding do not correlate well with the abilities of the cervix to retain a pregnancy to term.
The most common presenting complaint in pregnancy are watery vagina discharge and pelvic pressure. Once the cervix is dilated uterine contractions may set in and it may be difficult to distinguish cervical incompetence from premature labour. This is an important clinical distinction since the treatment of cervical incompetence is cervical cerclage, whereas cerclage is contraindicated in the setting of premature labor.
How common is this condition?
The princess incidence of cervical incompetence is not known but has been estimated to effect around 0.05% of pregnancy and to account for around 15% of habitual immature delivery from 16 to 20 weeks gestations.
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